Differences in Clinical Practice and Disease Course Between Elderly-Onset and Long-Standing Elderly Ulcerative Colitis: A Single-Center Study in Japan

Differences in Clinical Practice and Disease Course Between Elderly-Onset and Long-Standing Elderly Ulcerative Colitis: A Single-Center Study in Japan

Motoi Sawahashi, Rintaro Moroi, Yoichi Kakuta, Hiroshi Nagai, Yusuke Shimoyama, Takeo Naito, Hisashi Shiga and Atsushi Masamune

¹Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

The optimal immunosuppressive therapy for elderly patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate clinical practice and prognosis in elderly patients with UC through comparing between those with elderly-onset UC (EOUC) and those with long-standing elderly UC (LEUC). In this retrospective single-center cohort study, we evaluated elderly patients with UC aged ≥ 60 in August 2022 through collecting medical record data from the time of diagnosis of UC until August 2022. The patients were divided into two groups based on age at disease onset: EOUC (age at onset, ≥ 60 years) and LEUC (age at onset, < 60 years). We assessed the cumulative rates of systemic steroid and molecular targeted drug (MTD) initiation, and colectomy. We enrolled 97 eligible patients (EOUC group, n = 30; LEUC group, n = 67). The cumulative rates of initiating systemic steroid (46% vs. 22% at 1 year, respectively; P = 0.002) and MTD (17% vs. 5% at 1 year, respectively; P = 0.002) were higher in the EOUC group than in the LEUC group. In multivariate analysis, elderly onset was significantly associated with systemic steroid (hazard ratio [HR] 2.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43-5.29; P = 0.003) and MTD (HR 2.76, 95% CI 1.30-5.87; P = 0.008) initiation. Cumulative colectomy rates did not differ significantly between the two groups. Patients with EOUC were initiated on systemic steroids and MTDs sooner following disease onset than patients with LEUC. Our findings suggest rapid progression and refractoriness in patients with EOUC.

Key words —— biologics; elderly patients; molecular targeted drugs; systemic steroids; ulcerative colitis

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Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2024 November, 264(3), 109-116.

Correspondence: Rintaro Moroi, M.D., Ph.D., Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan.

e-mail: rinta@med.tohoku.ac.jp