Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2022 September, 258(1)

Multiple Cerebral Hemorrhages and White Matter Lesions Developing after Severe hMPV Pneumonia in a Patient with Trisomy 13: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Moriei Shibuya,¹ Noriko Togashi,¹ Takehiko Inui,¹ Yukimune Okubo,¹ Wakaba Endo,¹ Takuya Miyabayashi,¹ Ryo Sato,¹ Yusuke Takezawa,¹ Kaori Kodama,¹ Miki Ikeda,¹ Aritomo Kawashima¹ and Kazuhiro Haginoya¹

¹Department of Pediatric Neurology, Miyagi Children’s Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a common cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children. A few case reports have described hMPV encephalitis or encephalopathy. Neuroimaging data on patients with hMPV encephalitis are scarce. We report a patient with trisomy 13 who developed severe hMPV pneumonia, multifocal cerebral and cerebellar hemorrhagic infarctions and extensive cerebral white matter demyelination. Although adult respiratory distress syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation contributed to the devastating central nervous system (CNS) lesions, endothelial dysfunction of the CNS caused by hMPV infection probably also played a pathophysiological role in this case.

Keywords —— adult respiratory distress syndrome; encephalitis; hemorrhagic infarction; human metapneumovirus; trisomy 13

© 2022 Tohoku University Medical Press

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Tohoku J. Exp. Med 2022, 258, 49-54.

Correspondence: Kazuhiro Haginoya, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Miyagi Children’s Hospital, 4-3-17 Ochiai, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 989-3126, Japan.

e-mail: khaginoya@kha.biglobe.ne.jp