宇宙航空環境医学 Vol. 53, No. 4, 78, 2016

1.　ECLSS:Environmental Control Life Support System

Masato Sakurai

Research and Development Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

To support manned space missions beyond Earth orbit, recycling life support systems will be necessary to reduce the mass of consumables required.　Such systems will also have to be lightweight, compact and have low power consumption.　The common and crucial key technology in these manned systems is Environmental Control and Life Support System （ECLSS）, where air revitalization technology and water reclamation technology were both not achieved during development of the Japanese Experiment Module （JEM）.　It is proposed that these technology should be focused, to take initiative on promoting a manned based system.　The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency （JAXA） is therefore developing life support technologies for future manned space missions such as water purification, CO₂ reduction and oxygen generation.　JAXA is currently studying ECLSS for an on-orbit demonstration on the International Space Station （ISS） early in the extended ISS operation period to support proposed post-ISS missions such as manned lunar or asteroid exploration and cis-lunar or Earth-Moon Lagrange point space station.　ECLSS is considered as a good theme for utilizing ISS/JEM as an experimental proven testbed to leverage space technology effectively.　Fluid, from an ECLSS technology prospective is an applied and promising technical demonstration item in a non-gravity ISS environment.　An on-orbit ECLSS that is small, light and low power will be prepared to commence technical demonstration on the ISS/JEM.