福島医学雑誌 57 巻 2 号 2007
〔調査報告〕
福島県立医科大学における女性医師のワーク・
ライフ・バランスに関する現状
法井 薫1)，奥山亜由美1)，新井 佑望1)，森谷 薫1)
橋本 陽1)，赤羽 朋博1)，岡野 翼1)，渋谷 綾子1)
西山 直樹1)，野寺 穣1)，長谷川哲也1)，後藤 あや2)
藤野美都子3)
1)福島県立医科大学医学部
2)福島県立医科大学医学部公衆衛生学講座
3)福島県立医科大学医学部人文社会科学講座
（受付 2007年5月11日）
Work-life balance of women physicians at Fukushima Medical University
KAORU NORII1), AYUMI OKUYAMA1), YUMI ARAI1), KAORU MORIYA1),
MINAMI HASHIMOTO1), TOMOHIRO AKABA1), TSUBASA OKANO1), AYAKO SHIBUYA1),
NAOKI NISHIYAMA1), MINORU NODERA1), TETSUYA HASEGAWA1), AYA GOTO2)
and MITSUKO FUJINO3)
1)Students, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
2)Department of Public Health, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
3)Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine
要旨: 第3回福島県立医科大学光翔祭の女性医師部門の活動として，福島県立医科大学に勤務する女性医師のワーク・ライフ・バランスに関する調査を行った。教員，診療医，後期研修医，大学院生82名を対象に自記式アンケートを配布した。回答者数は57人（回答率70%）で，年齢は中央値32歳，卒後年数は中央値7年，既婚者は30人（52%）で，そのうち子供がいる割合は32%（18人）であった。産休・育休等に関する就業規則の認知度は低く，産前産後休暇を取得しなかった医師が3人おり，育児休業の取得率も47% と低かった。子どもがいる女性医師の44% が当直をしておらず，子どもが病気の時の保育者は78% が自分自身と回答した。子どもの有無による2群比較では，一日当たりの勤務時間が10時間未満である割合が，子どもなし群で有意に低かった（子どもあり67%，子どもなし18%）。また，キャリア達成度の自己評価は2群間に有意な差は見られなかったが，男女の地位の平等感については，平等であると回答した割合が子どもなし群で高かった（子どもあり6%，子どもなし28%）。家庭と仕事の両立に必要な支援の上位3つは，「託児所・保育園等の整備拡大」，「出産・育児休業取得者の復職支援」，「男性の家事・育児への参加」であった。女性医師のワーク・ライフ・バランス向上のためには，保育サービスの充実，休業中・後の支援，勤務条件の改善，男女共同参画に向けた意識改革とネットワーク作りが必要な対策として考えられ，実現には大学全体としての積極的な取り組みが望まれる。
索引用語: アンケート，女性医師，育児，出産，ワーク・ライフ・バランス
Abstract: A cross-sectional survey on women physicians' work-life balance was carried out by medical students of Fukushima Medical University as one of academic activities of the university festival in 2006. Questionnaires were distributed to 82 teaching staff, clinicians, residents and graduate students, and 57 responded (response rate 70%). Median age of respondents was 32 years and the median of years after graduation from medical school was 7 years. Proportion of married women physicians was 52% (N=30), among whom 32% (N=18) had children. Regulations of maternity and childcare leaves were not well known, and among those with children, three did not take the maternity leave and only 47% took the childcare leave. Forty-four percent of women physicians with children did not take night calls, and 78% identify themselves as the main care taker when children were sick. Comparing women physicians with and without children, the proportion of those working less than 10 hours per day was significantly lower for those without children (with children 67%, without children 18%). Although self-evaluation of career achievement did not differ between the two groups, the proportion of those who agreed that women and men are treated equally was higher among those without children (with children 6%, without children 28%). The top three requested supports were expanding childcare services, reentry programs after leaves, and promotion of men's participation in house work and child rearing. Institutional efforts are needed to plan and implement following recommended measures to support women as well as men physicians to well balance work and life on the basis of ensuring gender equality: expanding childcare services, providing reentry programs during and after leaves, improving work conditions, and promoting networking and communications among students and physicians regarding future career and life plans.
Key words: Cross-sectional studies, women physicians, child rearing